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  3. Asset Allocation

Asset Allocation

Asset allocation is the planned division of a portfolio among asset classes according to an investor’s objectives, time horizon, and risk constraints.

Defined termReviewed 16 July 2026

Related terms

DiversificationRebalancingPortfolioAsset ClassHedgingRisk Management

Educational risk notice

This material is general education, not personal investment advice or a promise of results. Markets can move beyond planned levels, and losses can exceed expectations when leverage, liquidity, gaps, or operational failures are involved.

Read the full risk disclosure
Trading glossaryReviewed 16 July 2026

Definition

Asset allocation is the planned division of a portfolio among asset classes according to an investor’s objectives, time horizon, and risk constraints.

In market context

Allocation decisions determine how much of a portfolio is exposed to categories such as cash, stocks, funds, commodities, or cryptoassets. Because asset classes respond differently to economic and market conditions, allocation often influences overall risk more than any single holding. The mix may need periodic rebalancing as prices move or circumstances change, but diversification and rebalancing cannot prevent losses in practice.

Source

Use the primary source for fuller regulatory or market context.

Investor.gov — Asset Allocation and Diversification

Educational risk notice

This material is general education, not personal investment advice or a promise of results. Markets can move beyond planned levels, and losses can exceed expectations when leverage, liquidity, gaps, or operational failures are involved.

Read the full risk disclosure

Related glossary terms

Selected from explicit term relationships and shared tags.

beginner3 min

Diversification

Diversification spreads exposure across investments or risk drivers so that one adverse event is less likely to dominate the entire portfolio.

portfolio · riskRead guide
beginner3 min

Rebalancing

Rebalancing adjusts portfolio holdings toward a target asset allocation after market movement or changed circumstances cause exposures to drift over time.

portfolio · strategyRead guide
beginner3 min

Portfolio

A portfolio is the combined set of cash, holdings, positions, and other financial exposures considered together for allocation, performance, and risk.

portfolio · reportingRead guide
beginner3 min

Asset Class

An asset class is a broad group of investments that share economic characteristics, market behavior, and often similar legal or risk features.

markets · portfolioRead guide